Education For All

 Allama Iqbal Day – 9 November Introduction Allama Muhammad Iqbal, widely known as The Poet of the East (Shair-e-Mashriq), was one of the greatest thinkers, poets, and philosophers in the history of the subcontinent. Every year on 9 November, Pakistan commemorates Iqbal Day to honor his remarkable contributions to literature, philosophy, and the ideological foundation of Pakistan. Early Life and Education Allama Iqbal was born on 9 November 1877 in Sialkot, a historic city in Punjab. From an early age, he showed exceptional brilliance and a deep interest in literature and philosophy. He received his early education in Sialkot and later studied at Government College Lahore, where he earned a master’s degree in Philosophy. His academic excellence led him to study further in Europe. In England, Iqbal pursued a degree in philosophy at the University of Cambridge and qualified as a barrister from Lincoln’s Inn. Later, he obtained a doctorate in Philosophy from the University of Munich, ...

Land Reforms in Gilgit-Baltistan Outline 1. Introduction 2. Historical Background of Land Tenure in Gilgit-Baltistan 3. Concept and Purpose of Land Reforms 4. Land Ownership Patterns in Gilgit-Baltistan 5. Major Land Issues in GB 6. Government Initiatives and Proposed Reforms 7. Socio-Political Challenges to Land Reforms 8. Implications of Land Reforms on Society and Governance 9. Comparative Perspective: Land Reforms in Other Regions of Pakistan 10. Future Prospects and Recommendations 11. Conclusion 1. Introduction Land is not merely a physical asset; it is the foundation of economic stability, political authority, and social identity. In Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) — a strategically located mountainous region at the crossroads of South and Central Asia — land has historically represented power, prestige, and livelihood. However, despite its immense importance, GB’s land ownership system has remained deeply rooted in pre-modern structures, traditional authority, and administrative ambiguit...