Education For All

  The Emerging Multipolar World Order: Implications for Global Stability Introduction The post–Cold War era was characterized by the dominance of a unipolar world order led by the United States. However, the evolving dynamics of international relations in the twenty-first century indicate a gradual but decisive shift toward a multipolar world. The rise of China, the reassertion of Russia, the growing influence of regional powers, and the relative decline of Western hegemony have collectively reshaped global power structures. This emerging multipolarity presents both opportunities and challenges, raising critical questions about global stability, governance, and the future of international cooperation. Understanding the Concept of Multipolarity A multipolar world order refers to a global system in which power is distributed among multiple states rather than concentrated in one or two dominant actors. Unlike unipolarity, which often ensures relative predictability, multipolarity intr...

  Climate Change and Pakistan: An Existential Threat Demanding Urgent Governance Reforms Introduction Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges of the twenty-first century, transcending borders and disproportionately affecting vulnerable nations. Pakistan, despite contributing less than one percent to global greenhouse gas emissions, ranks among the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world. Rising temperatures, erratic monsoon patterns, glacial melting, floods, droughts, and food insecurity have transformed climate change from an environmental issue into an existential threat. The severity of its impact underscores the urgent need for governance reforms, adaptive capacity building, and climate-resilient development strategies. Pakistan’s Climate Vulnerability: A Structural Reality Pakistan’s geographical and socio-economic conditions make it exceptionally susceptible to climate change. The country hosts one of the largest non-polar glacial syste...